The emphasis upon the decision-makin aspects of statistics is a recent one. In its early years, the study of statistics largerly consisted of methodology for summarizing or describing numerical data. Any aspects facilitating choice were secondary in importance to the then essentially reportorial nature of the subject. Tis area of study has become known as descriptive statistics because it is concerned largerly with summary calculations and graphical displays. These methods are in contrast with the modern approach, where generalizations are made about the whole, called the population, by investigating a portion, reffered to as the sample.
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A. Pendahuluan
Salah satu langkah dalam penelitian ilmiah adalah menentukan populasi dan sample. Kesalahan dalam menentukan sampel dapat berakibat fatal, karena sampel menjadi tidak representatif, dan hasil penelitian tidak akan dapat mencerminkan keadaan yang sebenarnya. Oleh karena itu memilih tenik penentuan sampel yang tepat menjadi sangat penting untuk mendapatkan sampel yang representatif.
B. Pengertian Populasi Dan Sampel
Dalam suatu penelitian adakalanya peneliti meneliti semua sumber data yang direncanakan, agar data dan informasi yang diperoleh banyak dan bervariasi sehingga diharapkan hasilnya tidak jauh berbeda dari kenyataan. Akan tetapi dalam kenyataannya tidak semua populasi dapat diteliti karena suatu sebab yang tidak memungkinkan. Penelitian ilmiah boleh dikata hampir selalu hanya dilakukan terhadap sebagian saja dari hal-hal yang sebenarnya hendak diteliti.
Populasi adalah wilayah generalisasi yang terdiri atas obyek/subyek yang mempunyai kuantitas dan karakteristik tertentu yang ditetapkan oleh peneliti untuk dipelajari dan kemudian ditarik kesimpulannya. Jadi populasi bukan hanya orang, tetapi juga benda-benda alam lain. Populasi juga bukan sekedar jumlah yang ada pada obyek/subyek yang dipelajari, tetapi meliputi seluruh karakteristik/sifat yang dimiliki oleh subyek atau obyek itu.
Misalnya akan dilakukan penelitian di lembaga X, maka lembaga X ini merupakan populasi. Lembaga X mempunyai sejumlah orang/subyek dan obyek yang lain. Hal ini berarti populasi dalam arti jumlah/kuantitas. Tetapi lermbaga X juga mempunyai karakteristik orang-orangnya, misalnya motivasi kerjanya, disiplin kerjanya, kepemimpinannya, iklim organisasinya dan lain-lain. Juga mempunyai karakteristik obyek yang lain, misalnya kebijakan, prosedur kerja, tata ruang produk yang dihasilkan dan lain-lain. Yang terakhir berarti populasi dalam arti karakteristik. Satu orangpun dapat digunakan sebagai populasi, karena satu orang mempunyai berbagai karakteristik, misalnya gaya bicaranya, disiplin pribadi, hobi, cara bergaul, kepemimpinannya dan lain-lain. Misalnya akan melakukan penelitian tentang kepemimpinan presiden Y, maka kepemimpinan itu merupakan sample dari semua karakteristik yang dimiliki presiden Y. Jadi sample adalah bagian dari jumlah dan karakteristik yang dimiliki oleh populasi ( Sugiyono, 2002:57 ).
C. Penggunaan Populasi dan Sampel
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18 Tips to answering the hardest questions on job interview
This article i had already posted on my old blog http://boeditea.blogspot.com, but i think it’s quit enough necessary to refresh it and write it down in English.
That 18 hardest questionnaire that could be happening while you are on the job interview are showed below, hope could be useful to all of us:
- Tell me about your self ?
- What do you know about us ?
- What can you give to us, that others can’t do ?
- What do you think about the most interesting and the most not interesting about this job ?
- Why we should receive you as our employee ?
- What are the most you looking for on the job ?
- can you define the most position that you would to reach ?
- How long you need to give the best contribution to us ?
- How long you will cooperate with us ?
- From your resume, we think that you are have a too qualified to full fill this job. What do you think ?
- Why you leave your early job ?
- What do you feel when you leave your early job ?
- On your early job, can you tell us the like and dislike about it ?
- What do you think about your early boss ?
- Why you couldn’t get a better job in your age now ?
- How about salary, what do you expect about it ?
Do you wan to know how to create your own icon ? .. Then.. replace your old icon on your computer, or change default icon in your website or blog…
These are a few steps to create your own icon:
- Change your picture file type (JPG or BMP) to ico file. I use “Qtam Bitmap to Icon 3.5″ software. If you not yet have this software you can easily download here.
- If you wan to change your old icon on your computer, just simply click the folder that you wan to change it… right click.. then select “Properties”,.. select “Customize” than click “Change Icon” and “Browse” the file ico, on the directory that you already put your icon.
- If you wan to change your default icon on your website… these are a few steps:
- Rename your icon to favicon.ico
- Upload to your Cpanel
- Replace the existing old favicon.ico in the public_html with your new favicon.ico
- Refresh than preview your web
How to change your default icon on your blog, especially if you use WordPress ???
Hmm
Why planning so important? This is my question when i had college for the first time. I gave my lecture that question, because its really interesting for me… to know the answer.
That times, I am not to familiar with internet, because a few reasons, like: 1) there was no internet network on my campus 
(so sad); 2) I had limited money; 3) less knowledge about internet.
Nowadays, I have change 
!. Now I can improve my knowledge with internet. So… i just typing on Google “why is planning important ?” Wow…. incredibly, i have found a lot of results.
The best result about Why is planning important, I took from Jeff Willis .
Why is Planning Important ?
The answer is : continue reading…
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Definition of Management from a few source, that i had found it on google are showed below:
# the act of managing something;
# those in charge of running a business
(Source: wordnetweb.princeton.edu/perl/webwn)
Management in all business and human organization activity is simply the act of getting people together to accomplish desired goals. …
(Source: en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Management)
# manage – pull off: be successful; achieve a goal; “She succeeded in persuading us all”; “I managed to carry the box upstairs”; “She pulled it off, even …
# manage – be in charge of, act on, or dispose of; “I can deal with this crew of workers”; “This blender can’t handle nuts”; “She managed her parents’ affairs after they got too old”
# manage – cope: come to terms with; “We got by on just a gallon of gas”; “They made do on half a loaf of bread every day”
# manage – oversee: watch and direct; “Who is overseeing this project?”
# manage – wangle: achieve something by means of trickery or devious methods
# manage – do: carry on or function; “We could do with a little more help around here”
# manage – wield: handle effectively; “The burglar wielded an axe”; “The young violinist didn’t manage her bow very well”
(Spurce: wordnetweb.princeton.edu/perl/webwn)
My opinion about Definition of Management is:
“An art to solve a problems trough the other people”
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How to protect your Facebook Profiles from Spammers & Unwanted Person?
What you have to do is, setting your Facebook account. Here is my article how to do, you can easily download by click here
Thanks, I really hope my post can be useful for you
Nowadays I have already upload my statistic Handout about “Fraktil (Kuartil, Desil, Persentil)” on my website. You can easily download by click here
I really hope that my handout will guide you well on your learning about statistic, especially in this part.
If there is any mistakes, you can send me an e-mail to: info@boeditea.web.id or you can write down on my facebook. Thanks for your visiting to this simply site
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